What Is Rock?
Naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate having one or more minerals or mineraloid matter.
e.g.- basalt, granite, kota and marble etc.
Classification Of Rock
Classification of rock divided in three categeories:
1. Geological classification
2. Physical classification
3. Chemical classification
1. Geological Classification (Mode Of Formation Of Rock)
There are three types:
A) Igneous rock
B) Sedimentary rock
C) Metamorphic rock
A) Igneous Rock: At the time of volcanic eruption molten mass called magma, Forcely come up at the earth surface with high temperature after cooling this molten mass become solid, it is called igneous rock.
e.g.- basalt, granite, and dolerite etc.
• There are main 2 types of Igneous rock:
i) Volcanic Rock: When magma deposit at the earth surface or below the earth surface, it known as volcanic rock.
e.g.- basalt etc.
ii) Plutonic Rock: When magma deposit at greater depth of 35m from the surface of earth is known as plutonic rock.
e.g.- granite etc.
B) Sedimentary Rock: Because of weathering action such as rain, wind, snow etc. rock are broken up and gradually get deposited at the bottom of river or sea year by year under the process of compression and compaction, these converted into solid mass known as sedimentary rock.
e.g.- gypsum, sandstone etc.
C) Metamorphic Rock: The Rock which is formed from Igneous and Sedimentary rock under the influence of temperature pressure and chemical environment is known as metamorphic rock.
e.g.- marble, slate etc.
2. Physical Classification (Structure Of Rock)
There are three types:
A) Stratified rock
B) Unstratified rock
C) Foliated rock
A) Stratified Rock: The Rock distinct layer in their structure is called stratified rock.
• They can be split up along their plane.
• These are dense and durable rock.
e.g.- limestone, marble etc.
B) Un-stratified Rock: The Rock which do not the layer in their structure is called un-stratified rock.
• It is also known as massive rock.
• It have the compact massive structure.
• They can not be splited in layer.
e.g.- basalt etc.
C) Foliated Rock: These are the rock having the tendency to split up in definite direction only.
• These structure is very common in metamorphic rock.
e.g.- marble etc.
3. Chemical Classification (Chemical Composition Of Rock)
There are three types:
A) Argillaceous rock
B) Silicious rock
C) Calcareous rock
A) Argillaceous Rock: The Main constituents of these type of rock is clay or alumina.
• It's content more than 50%.
e.g.- slate, laterite etc.
B) Silicious Rock: Silica is the main constituents in this type of rock.
• It's content is more than 50%.
e.g.- granite, sandstone etc.
C) Calcareous Rock: The Main constituents in this type of rock is calcium carbonate (CACO3).
• These rock are highly sensitive with HCL.
e.g.- marble etc.
Comments
Post a Comment